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How to grant read-write access to a user within the whole database cluster?

J
Jolied last edited by
I got a database cluster with 1300 databases. I created a role and a user and granted access using the command GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public TO myuser, so myuser is able to run queries in one particular database. When I connect to a different database with myuser and run select * from person, I get "permission denied", so I need to connect as admin to that database and run GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public TO myuser again, then login as myuser and then I'm able to run select * from person.

I have 1300 databases in the cluster, as I said. Is there any command which grants read and write privileges in the whole cluster for myuser? Please note: myuser should not be a superuser.

I tried:
```
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public TO service;`
\t
SELECT '\connect ' || datname || '; ' ||E'\n'|| 'GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public to myuser;' FROM pg_database WHERE datistemplate = false;
```
but these commands only work in the database where I run them, and for all different databases I have to run them again like 1000 times.
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E
emran last edited by
Upgrade to at least PostgreSQL v14 and run
```
GRANT read_all_data, write_all_data TO myuser;
```
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Very bad query plan in PostgreSQL 9.6
SQL, Database Testing • postgresql postgresql performanc lan postgresql 9.6 statistic languages • • esther

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Statistic for the query planner: n_distinct You do run ANALYZE on the temporary table. You commented: The temp table is immutable: it's created once, analyzed and never changes. It exists because we had a problem with plain query being inefficient, so we extracted the rows we're interested in to a temp table to have statistics about it. Then the second query is used to find rows from dir_current which are children of those interesting ones (i.e. dir_current.parent_id=dir_process.id) dir_current is analyzed and statistics are set according to our experience (i.e. there is 10 rows on average with a given parent_id so n_distinct is set to -0.1). Given volume_id OTOH has millions of rows. But how do you do that exactly? Firstly, the rows in dir_process are the parents of the rows in dir_current (dir_current.parent_id = dir_process.id). The column relevant to your query is dir_process.id, not parent_id. Setting n_distinct for dir_process.parent_id does nothing for this query. Setting it for dir_process.id would be wrong (n_distinct is actually -1, i.e. all distinct). So that's either useless or wrong. Secondly, if done exactly like you described it (dir_current is analyzed and statistics are set) then nothing is achieved. ALTER TABLE saves the information in pg_attribute.attoptions. Only the next ANALYZE copies it to pg_statistic, which is actually consulted for query planning. Run ANALYZE after ALTER TABLE! Demo: db<>fiddle here Finally, the temp table is immutable and comparatively small. I see rows=18770 and rows=65080 for seq scan on dir_process in the plans. If that small table is reused many times it should pay to use actual counts instead of an estimate taken from the big table (ignoring that said statistic does not seem to apply to begin with). The actual data distribution in a small sample may be dramatically different. If you set n_distinct explicitly, use the actual distinct count for the current selection. Something like: DO $$ BEGIN EXECUTE format('ALTER TABLE dir_process ALTER COLUMN volume_id SET (n_distinct=%s)' , (SELECT count(DISTINCT volume_id) FROM dir_process)); END $$; But not for dir_process.id. You might set that to -1 if you don't make the column UNIQUE or PRIMARY KEY. The manual about n_distinct: If greater than zero, the estimated number of distinct values in the column. If less than zero, the negative of the number of distinct values divided by the number of rows. (The negated form is used when ANALYZE believes that the number of distinct values is likely to increase as the table grows; the positive form is used when the column seems to have a fixed number of possible values.) For example, -1 indicates a unique column in which the number of distinct values is the same as the number of rows. Related: Postgres sometimes uses inferior index for WHERE a IN (...) ORDER BY b LIMIT N Are regular VACUUM ANALYZE still recommended under 9.1? Query That aside, your query only retrieves columns from the main table. Assuming that the the temp table dir_process has no duplicates on (volume_id, id), an EXISTS semi-join is equivalent, and the predicate volume_id = ANY(volume_ids) should rather be applied to the comparatively tiny temp table (also equivalent, and statistics are up to date now!): SELECT c.id, c.volume_id, c.parent_id, c.rec_aggrs, c.blocks FROM sf.dir_current c WHERE EXISTS ( SELECT FROM dir_process p WHERE p.volume_id = ANY($volume_ids) AND p.id = c.parent_id AND p.volume_id = c.volume_id ); Index I see a UNIQUE constraint on (volume_id, id) on the main table. Since the temp table seems to be a subset, the same constraint should apply and you can replace the index on the temp table: CREATE INDEX dir_process_indx ON dir_process(volume_id, id); with a UNIQUE constraint as well: ALTER TABLE dir_process ADD CONSTRAINT dir_process_volumeid_id_unq UNIQUE (volume_id, id); (Implements a unique index on (volume_id, id) internally.) Not sure if the Postgres 9.6 query planner is helped by it, but it can only get better. More importantly, an index on (volume_id, parent_id) on the main table should be useful: CREATE INDEX dir_current_parentid_volumeid_idx ON dir_current(parent_id, volume_id); Currently there is an index on just (parent_id). But I suspect there can be many rows per parent_id, so the above should be better. (Scratch this, if parent_id is mostly unique!) The new index can mostly replace your existing index dir_current_parentid_idx on (parent_id). It's 50% bigger, that's the main downside. But you wouldn't want to maintain two indexes without good reason. See: Is a composite index also good for queries on the first field? Also, the UNIQUE constraint dir_current_volumeid_id_unq on (volume_id, id) has lost its usefulness for this query now. The "unique" aspect has always been redundant, as id is the PK and unique on its own. Unless it has other purposes, it might be removed or reduced to an appendix to the PK with the INCLUDE clause in Postgres 11 or later! Or you might make my suggested index dir_current_parentid_volumeid_idx on (volume_id, parent_id) (switched column order) instead to replace this. (And keep the index on just (parent_id), obviously.) See: Do covering indexes in PostgreSQL help JOIN columns? Does a query with a primary key and foreign keys run faster than a query with just primary keys? Should be very fast all the time now.
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For starters, get your LEFT JOIN right and try to get rid of total rows (as discussed in comments): Query Updated to your comment: I only want to returns rows from request_logs that have a parallel entry in response_logs with non nil status: SELECT q.uuid , s.status , q.method , q.requesturi , q.accessed , q.payload reqpayload , s.payload respayload -- , COUNT(*) OVER() AS total_rows -- see below FROM request_logs q JOIN response_logs s USING (uuid) -- not LEFT JOIN WHERE q.accountid = 2 AND q.requesturi NOT ILIKE '/v1/sessions%' AND q.accessed BETWEEN '2018-01-01 15:04:05 +0' AND '2019-01-02 15:04:05+0' AND q.applicationid = 1 AND s.status IS NOT NULL -- see below ORDER BY q.accessed DESC LIMIT 1001; -- see below Your LEFT [OUTER] JOIN burns down to a plain [INNER] JOIN. Related: Query with LEFT JOIN not returning rows for count of 0 COUNT(*) OVER() AS total_rows is expensive for counts substantially bigger than LIMIT (and you are expecting "10m+ rows"). Maybe it's good enough to use LIMIT 1001, only use the first 1000 rows, check the row count and if it's 1001 then you know there are "more than 1000 matching rows". Related: Best way to get result count before LIMIT was applied Indexes If (like you commented) the only 'moving parts' in this query are the dates (from and to) that are compared with accessed ... and more than a few rows are excluded with the other predicates on applicationid, requesturi and accountid, then a partial index should help read performance (a lot): CREATE INDEX ON request_logs (uuid, accessed DESC) WHERE accountid = 2 AND requesturi NOT ILIKE '/v1/sessions%' AND applicationid = 1 And if a substantial percentage of rows is eliminated by status IS NOT NULL, also: CREATE INDEX ON response_logs (uuid) WHERE status IS NOT NULL; It may pay to append the columns status and payload as index columns if you can get index-only scans out of it. Some preconditions apply.
How to allow users to run a function, but not access objects the function is accessing
SQL, Database Testing • postgresql permissions stored procedure plpgsql • • Bogopo

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Yes that's possible. Create the function with the user owning all those tables and use the SECURITY DEFINER modifier. SECURITY DEFINER specifies that the function is to be executed with the privileges of the user that created it. create or replace function foo() returns void as $body$ ... $body$ language plpgsql security definer; Also see the example in the manual: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-createfunction.html#SQL-CREATEFUNCTION-SECURITY
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Recursive consultation on PSQL
Software Programming • sql postgresql database • • obi

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To calculate the total deaths of the last 90 days for each of the dates of the table you have to make a INNER JOIN with the same table (using as a condition a range of 90 days for dates), then group by the date of the first table and add the amounts of the second table:SELECT d1.fecha, SUM(d2.cantidad) AS muertes_acunuladas FROM deaths d1 INNER JOIN deaths d2 ON d2.fecha BETWEEN (d1.fecha - INTERVAL '90 day') AND d1.fecha GROUP BY d1.fecha ORDER BY d1.fecha; Exit with the example data of the question:Datedeath:2013-10-01322021-01-10242021-02-10372021-09-3032021-10-01372021-10-0240Modifying your original query would be something like this:SELECT d1.fecha, (SELECT SUM(d2.cantidad) FROM deaths d2 WHERE d2.fecha BETWEEN (d1.fecha - INTERVAL '90 day') AND d1.fecha) AS tot_deaths FROM deaths AS d1 ORDER BY d1.fecha; You have to use an alias for the table, so you can specify which table is the column you are referring to.
Login failed for user even though it has read access
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Verify if your user has permision to connect to database Engine. Right click on Logins -> Properties -> Status. Or grant CONNECT for user. CREATE LOGIN [mydomain\mygroup] FROM WINDOWS; GRANT CONNECT SQL TO [mydomain\mygroup]
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Transferring (backup/restore) from development to an online server
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pgAdmin backup dialog screen has option "Do not save owner". Reference: https://www.pgadmin.org/docs/pgadmin3/1.22/backup.html https://www.pgadmin.org/docs/pgadmin4/3.x/backup_dialog.html
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How to grant all privileges on a database?
SQL, Database Testing • postgresql permissions • • juvenalb

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What you ask is hardly practical - you would typically use a superuser for this. Because, quoting the manual: The right to modify or destroy an object is always the privilege of the owner only. And: The right to drop an object, or to alter its definition in any way, is not treated as a grantable privilege; it is inherent in the owner, and cannot be granted or revoked. (However, a similar effect can be obtained by granting or revoking membership in the role that owns the object; see below.) The owner implicitly has all grant options for the object, too. So, for a non-superuser to have these privileges, too, it would have to be granted membership (directly or indirectly) in all roles that are allowed to create objects. GRANT any_role TO admin_role; Granting membership in a superuser role does not make the member a superuser. The role attributes LOGIN, SUPERUSER, CREATEDB, and CREATEROLE can be thought of as special privileges, but they are never inherited as ordinary privileges on database objects are. But the member role can now SET ROLE and become superuser. May or may not be what you want. Then, as owner, admin_role can also GRANT any additional privileges (that may have been revoked) himself. Or you set up a regime that assigns ownership of all existing and future objects to a role and grant membership in that role only. The quick way to do that for all objects of given roles is REASSIGN OWNED. Related: Is there a means to set the owner of all objects in a PostgreSQL database at the same time? But would you even want to grant ownership on objects in the system catalog, too? Those are owned by the superuser postgres in default setup. Instead, I would use a superuser where "all" privileges are needed. And grant only required privileges ( incl. CREATEDB and CREATEROLE) to an admin role. A recipe for a powerful admin role (without all privileges): How to manage DEFAULT PRIVILEGES for USERs on a DATABASE vs SCHEMA?
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Create user on Azure elastic database and deny view to other databases i same setting
SQL, Database Testing • azure sql database azure • • courtlanda

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Reading you comment I see now what you are looking for. Here is how you can do this. Create 2 empty database: USE [master] GO CREATE DATABASE [TestPerm1] GO ALTER DATABASE [TestPerm1] SET COMPATIBILITY_LEVEL = 130 GO USE [master] GO CREATE DATABASE [TestPerm2] GO ALTER DATABASE [TestPerm2] SET COMPATIBILITY_LEVEL = 130 GO Create 2 login USE [master] GO CREATE LOGIN [testPerm1] WITH PASSWORD=N'strongPw', DEFAULT_DATABASE=[master], DEFAULT_LANGUAGE=[us_english], CHECK_EXPIRATION=OFF, CHECK_POLICY=OFF GO USE [master] GO CREATE LOGIN [testPerm2] WITH PASSWORD=N'strongPw', DEFAULT_DATABASE=[master], DEFAULT_LANGUAGE=[us_english], CHECK_EXPIRATION=OFF, CHECK_POLICY=OFF GO Create a user in master using one of the login USE [master] GO CREATE USER [testPerm2] FOR LOGIN [testPerm2] WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA=[dbo] GO Using SSMS connect with user testPerm2 using default setting. You will be able to see all database ( I know you do not want this, but hang on) Create a user with testPerm1 in testPerm1 database that we created earlier. USE [TestPerm1] GO CREATE USER [testPerm1] FOR LOGIN [testPerm1] WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA=[dbo] GO Now using SSMS connect to the server by changing default database, this user will only see testPerm1 but not testPerm2.
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MOAR ANSWERS! Ok, I've finally taken the time to write a custom PostgreSQL indexing extension. I used the SP-GiST interface. This was fairly challenging, mostly because Posgres is big. Anyways, as usual, it's up on github here. Performance-wise, it's currently ~2-3 times slower then the pure-in-memory implementation in my other answer to this question, but it's so much more convenient to use I'll happily eat that performance hit (realistically, it's ~50 ms/query - 150 ms/query, which is still pretty small).
psql command output to print error via -L output.log
SQL, Database Testing • postgresql • • morde

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The file specified to -L cannot be made to include errors. To have errors in the same log file than queries and results, both outputs should be redirected to the same file. For example: $ cat >script.sql select 1/0; select count(*) from pg_class; $ psql -e -f script.sql &> output.log $ cat output.log select 1/0; psql:script.sql:1: ERROR: division by zero select count(*) from pg_class; count 352 (1 row) See psql --help for more options: Input and output options: -a, --echo-all echo all input from script -b, --echo-errors echo failed commands -e, --echo-queries echo commands sent to server -E, --echo-hidden display queries that internal commands generate -L, --log-file=FILENAME send session log to file -n, --no-readline disable enhanced command line editing (readline) -o, --output=FILENAME send query results to file (or |pipe) -q, --quiet run quietly (no messages, only query output) -s, --single-step single-step mode (confirm each query) -S, --single-line single-line mode (end of line terminates SQL command)
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Make a SELECT between two databases on the same server - postgresql
Software Programming • postgresql database • • derk

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To do a query between 2 or more databases in postgresql you must use dblinkassuming you have 2 databases; test1 and test2 containing tables tabla1 and tabla2 respectively follows the following steps:1. Make sure the file exists dblink.sql where you installed the PostgreSQL, for example: C:\Program Files (x86)\PostgreSQL\9.3\share\extension\If you do not exist you can download or install it, there are many links that indicate how to do it depending on the operating system and the version.2. You must have the name of the database, the username and the password to access, for example:Base de datos: tabla2 usuario: postgres password: 123456 3. Assuming you're in the database test1, place the following line:create extension dblink; 4. Finally, please consult as follows:select T1.campo1, T1.campo2..., T2.campo1, T2.campo2, ... from tabla1 T1, dblink('dbname=test2 user=postgres password=123456', 'select * from tabla2') as T2 (campo1 tipo1, campo2 tipo2, ...) where condiciones In addition to the data of the bd, in field1, field2, etc. you must place the aliases that will have the fields, and in type1, type2, etc., you must place the type (int, varchar, etc.)I hope it'll help you. Greetings.
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Is it possible to grant a user the equivalence of ownership over a another users schema?
SQL, Database Testing • oracle permissions orac languagele 18c langu • • Avante

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There is no direct way to do what you are describing, which is privilege by assertion on specific schemas. The closest thing you could do would be to grant the trainer proxy privileges to log on as the trainee to see their objects, or to grant a series of "ANY" system privileges (select any table, alter any table, insert any table, etc.) to the trainer that would allow them to see everything in the database. I wrote a brief blog on proxy authentication here: https://pmdba.wordpress.com/2014/09/05/shared-application-accounts-and-developers/. You can also find information on it here: https://oracle-base.com/articles/misc/proxy-users-and-connect-through.
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psql: id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY not starting with 1?
SQL, Database Testing • postgresql serialization bulkc languageopy • • esther

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The table should be create table cali ( id serial primary key, alk_from bigint, alk_to bigint, and_from int, and_to int ); And do \COPY cali (alk_from, alk_to, and_from, and_to) FROM '/home/.../data/output/id_cali.csv' (FORMAT CSV); So that it knows to not insert into the id serial column. The serial type is not a true type. From the manual: The data types smallserial, serial and bigserial are not true types, but merely a notational convenience for creating unique identifier columns (similar to the AUTO_INCREMENT property supported by some other databases) Thus, we have created an integer column and arranged for its default values to be assigned from a sequence generator
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mysql: Show GRANTs for all users
SQL, Database Testing • mysql permissions • • Oba22

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select * from information_schema.user_privileges; EDIT: As mentioned by Shlomi Noach: It does not list database-specific, table-specific, column-specific, routine-specific privileges. Therefore, the grant GRANT SELECT ON mydb.* TO myuser@localhost does not show in information_schema.user_privileges. The common_schema solution presented above aggregates the data from user_privileges and other tables to give you the full picture.
Y

Generate all combinations of a list of strings
SQL, Database Testing • postgresql recursive • • yajahira

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So I'm not sure why you want to do this, but I'll just assume you've exhausted all other options. TLDR, he's a fiddle to do what you want: https://dbfiddle.uk/?rdbms=postgres_13&fiddle=27cdc7ef6eaf179936d4d048276b139b Explanation To do this we need three things: A list of elements A collation with a sort order we agree with for this purpose A recursive query to build the tuples The collation is important because if we are saying AB = BA, that's not an easy comparison to do within a database, especially as the length grows. HOWEVER, we can sort strings in a database and enforce the condition that the character in position n must be less than the character in position n+1. That makes the string BA an invalid construction. We need recursion since we must build the strings from the prior concatenation of elements. This is possible in Postgres through the use of a recursive CTE. Logically the process works as such: Start with all unique elements To prior results, concatenate elements greater than the last element Append the output and repeat This is self-terminating as once the length of the string is equal to the number of elements, there are no elements greater than the last element. Code First, need a table of elements: CREATE TABLE Element ( Element CHAR(1) NOT NULL COLLATE "en_US" /* Chosen since a < A < B < C. Case support varies by Postgres version, check constraint handles this */ ,CONSTRAINT PK_Element PRIMARY KEY (Element) ,CONSTRAINT CK_Element_Is_Uppercase CHECK (Element = UPPER(Element)) ) Next, populate that table: INSERT INTO Element VALUES ('A'),('B'),('C'),('D') Finally, recursive query to build the desired output: WITH RECURSIVE Tuple AS ( SELECT CAST(Element AS Text) AS Tuple ,1 AS TupleLength FROM Element UNION ALL SELECT T.Tuple || E.Element ,TupleLength + 1 FROM Tuple T INNER JOIN Element E ON E.Element > RIGHT(T.Tuple,1) ) SELECT Tuple FROM Tuple ORDER BY TupleLength ,Tuple If elements can repeat (AA,AAA,BB,etc.) https://dbfiddle.uk/?rdbms=postgres_13&fiddle=f4b1822f65334ae45109680d3afc0c7f Here we can change or criteria to >=, however we need to terminate the recursion based on the number of elements. WITH RECURSIVE Tuple AS ( SELECT CAST(Element AS Text) AS Tuple ,1 AS TupleLength FROM Element UNION ALL SELECT T.Tuple || E.Element ,TupleLength + 1 FROM Tuple T INNER JOIN Element E ON E.Element >= RIGHT(T.Tuple,1) WHERE TupleLength < (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Element) ) SELECT Tuple FROM Tuple ORDER BY TupleLength ,Tuple

How to grant read-write access to a user within the whole database cluster?

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