Yes, each ROM has its own boot unless the ROM is explicitly build keeping the stock kernel. SO to able to boot your device again, unzip your PixelExperience ROM file, take boot.img from it and flash that.

The main reason: There is no revenue-generating stream for Linux on smartphones in comparison to Android. Technical reasons, which can't be solved without heavy investments Just porting Linux to SoC is not enough. Linux is only a kernel. You will need to develop a distro suitable for a smartphone. Android = 1. AOSP + 2. patches and blobs from SoC vendor + 3. user apps` Patches and blobs from SoC vendor #2 in the equation has restricted access. SoC vendors don't share internal details even with OEMs, only providing a minimum description for available APIs. Typical Android-capable SoC has a lot of proprietary peripheral modules (such as mentioned GPU or Audio, Image processing, radio modules). Some of them require OS drivers, others even specific complex FW with a separate OS. Even for some desktop peripherals, this factor blocks Linux support. Existing attempts There were attempts to develop an open-source smartphone. As we can see, they didn't get widespread till the moment, and some of the projects were discontinued. The main reason is the same: the model didn't prove its sustainability.

according to this link you forgot to append dtb. replace Image.lz4-dtb in the zip and flash from TWRP https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/kernel-sunfish-09-apr-holydragon-kernel-10-stable-11-stable.4155283

Just create Magisk https://topjohnwu.github.io/Magisk/guides.html#magisk-modules and place your .ko kernel modules in /data/adb/modules/my-first-module/system/vendor/lib/modules/example.ko and create script /data/adb/modules/my-first-module/service.sh #!/system/bin/sh insmod /vendor/lib/modules/example.ko No need to modify /vendor partition

assuming vendor is standalone partition (for super partition refer to other question) adb pull /dev/block/platform/bootdevice/by-name/vendor vendor.img dd if=/dev/zero bs=1G seek=1 count=0 of=vendor.img resize2fs vendor.img 1G e2fsck -E unshare_blocks vendor.img e2fsck -yf vendor.img adb push vendor.img /dev/block/platform/bootdevice/by-name/vendor that will resize to 1G total

gVisor’s https://gvisor.dev/blog/2020/10/22/platform-portability/ gives an overview of how gVisor intercept application operations. The short summary is that there are multiple approaches, but the simplest, default mechanism uses the ‘ptrace’ system calls on the host kernel to request all system calls made by the untrusted application are forwarded to the user space kernel rather than being handled by the host kernel.

It's a function. http://lxr.linux.no/linux+v3.3.2/fs/proc/base.c#L206 ♪ I'm sure she's either herself or her contents will be helpful. It must be noted, however, that the full name of the process is not always possible. This is likely to be possible in the context of the interruption processor.

Every step of the ladder is int 1♪ Int requires glass.

StreamliningMagnetic hard drives are faster than queries, which are closer to the reading headYeah, that makes it more efficient to use the head movement on the disk. Such actions, for example, run the NCQ hardware algorithm, because why rotate the head 500 times by sequentially selecting the line when you can get the data closer? This minimizes the number of head movements and the expectation of the right sector on the track. There are hardware algorithms and software algorithms for the implementation of the alignment.Example of real lifePassengers hit the elevator on the ground floor and press the floors they need, the elevator drives consecutively on the floor number, without distinguishing the difference between those who pressed the first or last, effectively servicing the current line. And if he was serving first those who pressed the first one, imagine how many extra miles would the elevator be? First at 6, then 2 etc.You'll be surprised, but there's a lead controller, that can merge your two requests into one.but you won't even know. The withdrawal controller makes every effort to optimize the time of the request and the work done.Rigid disk and operating systemIntroduction system multi-level. All your queries are serviced by the intake control device, which creates a special structure (e.g. Windows is IRP), requesting a DVD drive, and the directing requests for a hard drive that works with a counter-eller, which is still a magnetic head.Your request is transmitted to the hard drive, what's next? When your request was processed with a hard drive, it generates an interruption processed by the interruption processor for the device, the device ' s driver writes the data into a system memory, and informs the induction control that the data are stored, but now it is necessary to transmit the data to the flower in order to enable it to copy the results in the buffer in the address area of its process.Introductory director knows the ID process that requested the data, he refers to the target area of the process and writes the data from memory system virtual Target area of the process and shall notify the process (e.g., by means of a feedback function or signal) that the data transmission is complete and releases all associated structures.P.S The work of the input-output subsystem is very well described in various resources, although there are long-standing articles describing them as an example of the operational system, http://www.nrjetix.com/fileadmin/doc/publications/Lectures/Lecture12-2.pdf Windows.

There's often such a mistake if there's no headline files.Try this:apt-get install linux-headers-`uname -r`

Actually, it's a very complicated and magnificent question! Of course, there's no C++ speech. The whole API kernel is written on pure C.In general terms, the solution can be described as follows:You write a nucleus module that in the initialization section of the module records the interruption processor (linux/interrupt.h);In addition, the module should describe the function of the lower half, which will do all the useful work in the nucleus mode;The interruption function, after being operated from the kernel, collects the necessary information and activates the delayed launch of the lower half function. Then it just ends.Somewhere... You can write a dozen pages of details for each item! Well, for example, read Oleg Cylaric, "Programming Linux Cycle modules."

Not if they have no dependence on these packages. But even if it is, these packages just don't need to be updated, just as well.

I'm trying to compose a fighter.I'll explain, just in case, maybe you don't know, if you're going to compil a driver, you need two things:Reference kernels. More specifically, headline files.Object modules of the nucleus, so that your module could be blurred with this version of the kernel.So if you have a directory that already has the nucleus and the objectors, then there's no need to collect again. For one time to collect the core, we have to go into the nucleus and perform the teams (this is for my powerPC)#!/bin/sh PATH=/usr/local/powerpc-e500v2-linux-gnuspe/bin/:$PATH ./configure CC=powerpc-e500v2-linux-gnuspe-cc --host=ppc-linux make Substantial: The root of nuclear exoduses must be the file. Where to get it is a separate song. ♪ ♪Only after the nucleus, you can give the team make modules. Oh, according to the reports you've shown, it's the team that's giving you the violin. Of course, making can't collect the modules and tell you that.

As @dsnk wrote, the system itself sends a package to the right interface after the address is replaced.

Maybe the disk fell on which the SWAP section?

Why do you ask about a cycle if you're interested in something else? The processor will achieve the same code at the same speed in both the yard and the user space. Provided that the code and all data are present in the operational memory.The further answer is based on your comments on the question. ♪The only question is what the code needs to be implemented and whether the context needs to be changed. To get the package into a user space in a proxy server and send the answer:The nucleus receives a hardware interruption from a web map. The Dreiver and other functions of the network shall form the structure skbuf.IP Glast understands that the package must be placed in an application in the vehicle in a user space. The whole package is copied from PL0 memory to PL3 memory (process).The context is changed to PL3 (user space). The operation itself is quite an overlay.The code picks up the package, decides that the request should be sent further, shapes the package in its memory, causes the function to send the nucleus.The context is changed to PL0.The core is copying the entire PL3 memory package to PL0.The nucleus reports the headings TCP/IP/physical levels and sends.In the operation of the reloading package code in the whole kernel, paragraphs 2 to 6 are unnecessary, including double copying of the package in memory and two changes of context. With this operation only at the poison is much faster. But the application of the space user may not be a standard way, but treat packages such as netmap, which at least avoid copying operations by displaying nucleus directly into the virtual memory of the PL3.P.S. The levels of memory protection are shown for the architecture intel x86. For other architectures, they differ with the general meaning of the work required.

For example, a client can be sent https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol#Redirect with code 1- redirect for host♪

Helped this example (although I've seen him before, but somehow I missed):#include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/fs.h> #include <linux/sched.h> static char* file = NULL; module_param( file, charp, 0 ); #define BUF_LEN 255 #define DEFNAME "/etc/yumex.profiles.conf"; // произвольный текстовый файл static char buff[ BUF_LEN + 1 ] = DEFNAME; static int __init kread_init( void ) { struct file f; size_t n; if( file != NULL ) strcpy( buff, file ); printk( "** openning file: %s\n", buff ); f = filp_open( buff, O_RDONLY, 0 ); if( IS_ERR( f ) ) { printk( "*** file open failed: %s\n", buff ); return -ENOENT; } n = kernel_read( f, 0, buff, BUF_LEN ); if( n ) { printk( "*** read first %d bytes:\n", n ); buff[ n ] = '\0'; printk( "%s\n", buff ); } else { printk( "*** kernel_read failed\n" ); return -EIO; } printk( "*** close file\n" ); filp_close( f, NULL ); return -EPERM; } module_init( kread_init );

datalen = skb->len - (iph->ihl << 2); tcph->check = 0; tcph->check =csum_tcpudp_magic(iph->saddr, iph->daddr,datalen, iph->protocol,csum_partial((char *)tcph, datalen, 0)); skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY; That's right, the Wireshark in another car doesn't fight, it only fights on tcp a package of 443 ports!

The error indicates that the programme does not define the prototype of the function, and the compiler makes his own assumptions as to what arguments it accepts and what results it returns. (1) Find the right headline file that defines the prototype of this functionfind / -name "*.h" | xargs grep find_task_by_name (2) Recognize which library should be connected to the programme to use this function(3) Collect the program using the right library