E
Fixed!
The second I got back into Seattle, everything started working again. So, this problem is most definitely location based. Either Google Discover does not work in Texas, or something about my account prevents it from working in Texas. This theory fits in with a reply from a product rep in https://support.google.com/websearch/thread/139353113/google-discover-says-something-went-wrong-how-to-fix?hl=en , saying the issue can be solved by VPN'ing into another network. As VPNs basically "mask" the real location, this is perhaps another way to work around the issue. Now I'm kinda wondering if I could have fixed this by turning off Location services as well.